Dump body



fiul 31, 1923- J. G. VVINSOR DUMP BODY Filed y 21. 1919 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 ZWE/vmR 6: W/vsoR.

J y 31, 1 923- I 6 85.

J. GLWINSOR DUMP BODY Filed May 21. 1919 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 .Zv VENTOR H J -ES 4m l/IS- HTTORNEY- July31, 1923- 1,463,185

- J. G., WINSQR DUMP BODY I Filed May 21, 1919 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 .AIVENTOR JJMES m/vsok.

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Patented July 31, 1923.

UNITEDSTATES 1,463,185 PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES G. WINSOR, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

' DUMP BODY. I

T 0 all whom it may concern Be it known that 1, JAMES Gr. lVmsoR, a citizen of the United States, residing at Detroit,in the county of Wayne and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Dump Bodies, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to dump bodies and has for its object a dump body supported on a drop frame below the tops of. the wheels. Ordinarily such a body, longer than from wheel to wheel, would interfere with the wheels in side dumping but provision has been here made to provide a suitable clearance. The invention consists essentially in combining with a drop frame a hopper, the central body portion of which lies well under the tops of the wheels and which is shaped with portions of the ends adjacent a the wheels omitted so that the body may clear the wheels. ,In order to make the extended end portions of thehopper of max imum capacity, the hopper is designed as a traveling or rolling hopper that travels .on rockers from the central position to the side of the hopper.

In a hopper of this character, with the end bottom portions omitted for clearance over the wheels, it is bound to have most of its load at the top, especially where it is of V shape in cross section. This givesit a very high center of gravity. In order to also bring the center of the rocker high so that there will not be a large over-balance, I employ a rocker of large radius that is substantially circular and that reaches from the bottom of the hopper. almost, if not quite, to the top. .This rocker performs a very useful function in connection with a body built on the design indicated, for it allows only a slight over-balance for the hopper when loaded and consequently the hopper in dumping will not travel with a rush which would likely upset the vehicle or break some of the restraining chains. It performs a further very useful function in raisin the edge of the hopper in dumping relatively high above the ground. considering the drop frame. Of course, with the drop frame the hopper is carried relatively near the ground and it is expedient to have the edge of the hopper as high as possible in dumping. to clear any obstruction that may obtain, such as a previous dump. This improvement will more fully appear and be better understood whena Complete description is given.

Application filed May 21, 1919. Serial No. 298,705. iii

In the drawings,--

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a trailer provided with adrop frame and my special hopper. r

Fig. 2 is an end elevation of the same taken from the right of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a section taken on the line 33 of Fig. 1. p

V Fig. 4 is a plan view of the trailer without the hopper. I

Fig. 5 is a longitudinal section of the hopper.

Fig. 6 is a cross section showing how the hopper dumps at either side.

Fig. 7 is a longitudinal section of a fragment of the drop frame.

Fig. 8 is a perspectiveof the same frag ment with thespring and rain omitted.

The chassis comprises an end frame made up of a pair of channel irons a, a braced by the cross bars 6, the end castings and connectors c and the mid cross bars d, the latter of which are gussetted to the side channels aby the gussets e. The drop frame portion is made up of side channels f secured to the hangers g and to the tie bar it that connects the two hangers g, preferablybi riveting. It will be noticed that the hanger plates have the top edges of the lower arms turned over to form seats 2' for the rails 1' on which the hopper rocks. The rails do not extend beyond the wheels. The ends of the rails are connected by the bars 2. These bars 2 serve to distribute the strains over both rails when the vehicle is drawn out.

of the pile that has been dumped. I

The leaf springs which support the drop frame portion upon the axle are secured at their outer ends by shackles to the spring brackets 70 and at their inner ends by shackles to the hangers g and the spring lug supports Z mounted on the tie bar It.

Draw bars m pass through the slots 3 in the end castings c (Fig. 2) and having. each a swivelling mountlng. This, together with The conseill.)

OI ld. be an interference, With such a side dumping hopper, a drop frame would be a commercial impossibility for most purposes for ordinarily the hopper could only extend from the periphery of one wheel to the periphery of the other, where this distance is shortest. I overcome this situation and afford a hopper of relatively large capacity that will not interfere with the wheels by the special design I have adopted for the hopper and for the rockers. The hopper is made up of a main central portion which is of substantially V-shape in cross section. This V cross section is adopted for the reasonthat it gives a steeper angle of discharge when the hopper rolls to dumping position. It also gives a hopper which has the greatest possible capacity for any shape of hopper that will have the center of gravity of the loaded hopper and the center of the rocker in near coincidence. This near coincidence of the center of the loaded hopper and the center of the rocker performs a most useful function for by lo eating the center of gravity only slightly r above the center of the rocker the hopper will ordinarily be self-dumping, that is, when the stabilizing chain is loosened, the over-ba1ance furnished by the center of the load being above the center of the rocker will start the load to dump by its own initiative as soon as the automatic lock q is released. Of course, theoretically if the center of the load were directly above the center of gravity, it would not dump, but as a matter of actual practice, the center of the load will either be slightly on one side of the vertical line through the center of the rocker due to the way it is loaded, or so little beyond the vertical line that the spring in the stabilizing chain will start the hopper, or else by driving on the high side of the place where the deposit is to be made, the same object can be effected and the load started by itself. Or even in a case where none of these alternatives occur, it will only require a slight push to throw the center of the load over the vertical line through the center of the rocker and start the body in its dumping operation.

Bodies have already been built of this V type but they have all been bodies which maintain the same cross section from end to end and consequently could not be employed on a drop frame and give a hopper of satisfactory capacity.

I have found that by using a side dumping rolling hopper and providing it with rockers of large radius, it is possible to employ end extensions 0?, that can be given considerable depth and yet clear the wheels. Obviously this would not be possible with a hopper turning on a fixed axis of rotation. The rocker of large radius also plays a very important part in making the end extensions feasible for it gives them a great deal more depth than would otherwise be possible. An examination of Fig. 6 will verify this, for there it will be seen that the rocker of large radius lifts the hopper into a relatively high position in rolling to the dumping position. If the rocker hugged the outside wall of the hopper obviously the hopper shown in Fig. 6 would be dropped so low on the track that little or no depth could be given to the end extensions.

With the end extensions added to the ordinary V section hopper, obviously the center of gravity is materially raised. By making the circular rocker of relatively great radius, three objects are accomplished which are most useful in connection with a body of the character here described. It raises the center 00 of the rocker to keep down the over-balance and coincidentally it allows the edge of the hopper to dump relatively high above the ground, which is a very material consideration in a drop frame for otherwise the dumping edge would almost touch the; ground, giving no clearance to clear obstacles or the material already on the spot, and third, it allows depth to be given the end extensions.

The end extensions n have no underneath support and a very strong construction is made necessary to prevent the distortion of the body by reason of the moment of the load in these end extensions. Hence a strong angle iron bar 0 isriveted to the center of the hopper and runs obliquely upward from the mid portion of the side of the hopper to the extreme ends of the hopper. This barprevents the plates that form the end extensions from buckling and hence reinforce them so that they are capable of carrying the suspended load. 79 is a longitudinal reinforcing rib that runs from end to end of the mid portion of the hopper near the center of the side.

The hopper is held in vertical central position while in transit by means of the auto matic catch 9 which comprises simply a rod spring-pressed upwardly, the upper end of which may drop into the slot 9 in the flange s of the hopper rim bar. The hop-per is also supported at the other end by means of stabilizers 17', which are more detailedly described in my prior Patent No. 1,245,651, November 6, 1917 and which comprise simply chains and a contractible spring member if (made up of two yokes reciprocating in each other) together with a toggle arm lever a. The grab hook 0) may be hooked into the chain anywhere and the lever 14- swung down on its pivot 1/ until the pivot 2 which is attached to the spring member t passes the straight line through the attachment to the spring member and the pivot 7 or in short. throws over the toggle center line. Thereupon the Stabilizer will be shortened and the spring member 6 put under compression. This serves to contractthe length of the stabilizer and tightly tie the top of the hopper to the trailer frame. The interposed spring, however, form's sort of a spring suspension, within the limits of the looseness of the automatic lock Q, to allow the end of the vehicle to weave slightly and the inertia of the load to hold the load centralized although the frame may turn slightly from side to side. This, of course, makes the load ride easier and relieves the parts from strains. The stabilizer chains serve also the function of cushioning restraining chains to limit'the throw ofthe hopper in dumping. It will be seen from the drawings that when the stabilizer is tightened by the use of the toggle lever the grab hook hooks into one of the interme diate links and that there is a considerable slack in the chain, This slack provides a length suitable for the chain when it is used as a stop or retaining chain, It is very desirable to have the stop chain hooked up to the hopper and frame in the way indicated for the load exercises the least possibleleverage upon the chain in this position and consequently there is less likelihood of breaking the chain.

As already explained, the toggle lever when thrown over the toggle center line compresses the spring in the spring members. When the stabilizer on the opposite side of the hopper is released, this spring expands and tends to pull the load over. In fact, as explained in my previous Patent No. 1245,651, this will often startthe load dumping although the center of gravity is not in such position in itself to initiate the dump.

The stops 4: on the endsof the rails co-opcrate with the openi g 5 to prevent the honper sliding on the rails when in dumping position.

What I claim is:

1. The combination of a vehicle frame having a portion below the tops of the wheels, a hopper having a main portion which can dump clear of the wheels between the wheels, and one or more end extensions whose bottoms are considerably raised above the bottom of the main portion for the purpose of clearing the top of the wheel or wheels and underneath rockers supportin; the hopper upon the frame and shaped to carry the hopper out to the side of the frame in dumping.

2. The combination of a vehicle frame and wheels, the frame being provided with a portion below the tops of the wheels. and a hopper adapted to dump at the sides of the vehicle frame and turn upon a movino; axis. the said hopper being formed of full depth to dump clear of the wheels between the wheels and having one or more end extensions having their bottom or bottoms considerably raised above the bottom of the main portion to clear the wheel or wheels by riding over the same.

3. The combination with a vehicle frame provided with wheels and having a frame portion located belowthe wheel tops, of a hopper having aV shaped section of full depth at the center and which clears the wheels between the same,underneath rockers supporting the said Vsection of the hopper on the said frame portion and of such dius as to be considerably spaced from the side of the hopper to materially raise the hopper in dumping position, and one or more extensions at the ends of the hopper in the form of a continuation of the V'section but with the bottom of the V cut away so that the extension may clear the wheels by riding over the same.

4:; The combination of a vehicle frame and wheels, the said frame being provided with a frame portion passing below the tops of the wheels, a pair ofrails supported on the said frame portion, and a hopper having the main portion of V cross section supported on circular rockers of large radius on the rails of the frame portion, and one or more extensions at the ends of the main portion in the form of a continuation of-the v section but with the bottom of the V cut away so that the hopper may clear the wheels by riding over the same in dumping at the side.

'5 The combination of a vehicle frame and wheels, the said frame being provided with a portion passing below the tops of the wheels, rails running transversely on the said portion, and a hopper of V cross section at the main portion, rockers of large radius materially spaced from the side of the hop per and that ride on the said rails and supporting the main portion of the hopper, and one or more end extensions in the form of a continuation of the V section but with the bottom of the V cut away to enable the end extensions to clear the tops of the wheels in dumping at the side.

6. The combination of a vehicle frame and wheels, the said frame having a frame portion passing below the tops of the wheels. a hopper having a main portion of V cross sec tion adapted to side dump between the wheels, one or more end extensions in the form of continuations of V sections with the bottom of the V omitted so that the extensions may clear the wheels at their tops. tracks on the said portion of the frames, and circular rockers of large radius adapted to reach substantially the top of the hopper if continued on the same radius that their rolling portions are struck on.

7. The combination with a vehicle fra e and wheels, the frame being provided with a portion passing below the tops of the wheels, of a hopper having the main portion adapted to dump between the wheels, and one or more end extensions adapted to dump clear of the tops of the wheels by reason of the omission of a part of the bottom of what is a section of the main portion, and a reinforcing bar secured to the side of the main body portion and extending along the end extension to support the overhanging end portion or portions.

8. The combination with a vehicle and wheels, of a side dumping hopper and a chain, a spring member and shortening lever for acting in the dual capacity of a stabilizer when the hopper is in vertical central position and as a stop chain when the vehicle turns over to dump at the side, the said chain being of sufficient length to allow it to operate as a stop chain when the hopper is in dumping position, and the lever and spring member being provided with a hook that may allow the slack to be taken up when the hopper is in central vertical position by hooking the hook into one of the interme diate links of the chain.

9. A device of the character described comprising a vehicle having a drop frame with its ends raised and provided with wheels, a rolling hopper adapted to roll on said frame between charge carrying and discharge positions, and a longitudinal hollow load-carrying extension provided upon said hopper at the top thereof and overhanging said wheels.

10. A device of the character described comprising a depending framework supported on. wheels, a hopper adapted to roll on said framework between charge carrying and discharge positions and having shallow extending ends overhanging said wheels, automatically engaging means carried respectively by the extending ends of said hopper and the ends of said framework to lock said hopper in its charge carrying position.

11. A dumping vehicle of the character described comprising a framework, wheels and axles supporting said framework, and a hopper adapted to roll n said framework, said hopper having a low central portion and load-carrying extensions which overhang the axles and clear the wheels when the hopper is moved to its dumping position.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature.

JAMES G. VVINSOR. 

